Quantitative patterns between plant volatile emissions induced by biotic stresses and the degree of damage

نویسندگان

  • Ülo Niinemets
  • Astrid Kännaste
  • Lucian Copolovici
چکیده

Plants have to cope with a plethora of biotic stresses such as herbivory and pathogen attacks throughout their life cycle. The biotic stresses typically trigger rapid emissions of volatile products of lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway (LOX products: various C6 aldehydes, alcohols, and derivatives, also called green leaf volatiles) associated with oxidative burst. Further a variety of defense pathways is activated, leading to induction of synthesis and emission of a complex blend of volatiles, often including methyl salicylate, indole, mono-, homo-, and sesquiterpenes. The airborne volatiles are involved in systemic responses leading to elicitation of emissions from non-damaged plant parts. For several abiotic stresses, it has been demonstrated that volatile emissions are quantitatively related to the stress dose. The biotic impacts under natural conditions vary in severity from mild to severe, but it is unclear whether volatile emissions also scale with the severity of biotic stresses in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, biotic impacts are typically recurrent, but it is poorly understood how direct stress-triggered and systemic emission responses are silenced during periods intervening sequential stress events. Here we review the information on induced emissions elicited in response to biotic attacks, and argue that biotic stress severity vs. emission rate relationships should follow principally the same dose-response relationships as previously demonstrated for different abiotic stresses. Analysis of several case studies investigating the elicitation of emissions in response to chewing herbivores, aphids, rust fungi, powdery mildew, and Botrytis, suggests that induced emissions do respond to stress severity in dose-dependent manner. Bi-phasic emission kinetics of several induced volatiles have been demonstrated in these experiments, suggesting that next to immediate stress-triggered emissions, biotic stress elicited emissions typically have a secondary induction response, possibly reflecting a systemic response. The dose-response relationships can also vary in dependence on plant genotype, herbivore feeding behavior, and plant pre-stress physiological status. Overall, the evidence suggests that there are quantitative relationships between the biotic stress severity and induced volatile emissions. These relationships constitute an encouraging platform to develop quantitative plant stress response models.

برای دانلود رایگان متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Can forest trees compensate for stress-generated growth losses by induced production of volatile compounds?

Plants produce a variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Under abiotic and biotic stresses, the number and amount of produced compounds can increase. Due to their long life span and large size, trees can produce biogenic VOCs (BVOCs) in much higher amounts than many other plants. It has been suggested that at cellular and tree physiological levels, induced production of VOCs is aimed at i...

متن کامل

Investigation Reducing Detrimental Effects of Salt Stress on Morphological and Physiological Traits of (Thymus vulgaris) by Application of Salicylic Acid. Elham Harati1*, Bahareh Kashefi1 and Mohammad Matinizadeh2

Salicylic acid (SA) is a naturally occurring plant hormone that has positive effects on growth and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, especially salinity in plants. To evaluate the effects of SA and salt stress on some morphological and physiological traits and quantitative activities of antioxidant enzymes on thyme (Thymus vulgaris), was conducted a factorial pot experiment based on com...

متن کامل

Quantitative expression analysis of P5CS and BADH genes in cultivated wheat plants under salt and ABA treatments

Plants encounter various stresses such as drought and salinity which adversely affect growth, development and crop productivity. The expression of the genes Delta -1- pyr-roline – 5 - carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) and Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) extends throughout various protec-tive mechanisms in plants and allows them to adapt to unfavorable environmental condi-tions. P5CS and BADH ...

متن کامل

Herbivory by the insect diaphorina citri induces greater change in citrus plant volatile profile than does infection by the bacterium, Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus

The volatile organic compound (VOC) profile in plant leaves often changes after biotic and abiotic stresses. Monitoring changes in VOCs in plant leaves could provide valuable information about multitrophic interactions. In the current study, we investigated the effect of Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) infestation, citrus greening pathogen (Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus [CLas]) infection, and si...

متن کامل

Morphological And Physiological Response of Two Accessions of Citrullus colocynthis to Drought Stress Induced by Polyethylene Glycol. Zahra Mohammadzade and Forouzandeh Soltani *

A biotic stresses can directly or indirectly affect the physiological status of an organism by altering its metabolism, growth, and development. In order to study the effect of drought stress on Citrullus colocynthis samples a factorial experiment was conducted in Horticultural science Department of University of Tehran in 2013. The first factor was two accessions of Citrullus colocynthis (Yazd...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره 4  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2013